U.S. Federal Government and Economic Issues Essay

This paper relates to what I have learned in the Macroeconomics class. For this final term paper; I will write about the U.S. federal government operations and how government leaders handle macroeconomic issues in our economy. We will discuss a couple of current economic issues and what the federal government is doing to reach solutions. I will also address U.S. unemployment issues, international trade, fiscal and monetary policies, and methods of alternative energy, along with the Federal Reserve’s role to confidently curb recession and avoid inflation The U.S. federal government is actively involved in assuring national security through counterterrorism techniques. They perform strategic planning to give surety of macroeconomic financial†¦show more content†¦A current elasticity issue is the U.S. Federal Government deficit spending that incurred a large national debt in which had a negative affect on our economy. â€Å"The U.S. Federal Government has spent more mon ey than what it is bringing in for Americans. This is known as the ‘crowding-out effect’ which causes the Federal Reserve to increase unaffordable interest rates. In a recent Los Angeles Times article, 2011, Tom Petruno reports that, â€Å"as of June 18, 2011, the Federal Reserve has been trying to bail the U.S out of debt in the past year by purchasing the Treasury’s Net bond issuance and created $600 billion new paper bills for the financial system via bond purchases since November 2010.† (Petruno, 2011) On March 15, 2011, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FBR) reported that, â€Å"the Fed Committee is promoting a stronger pace for economic recovery and have expanded its holdings on securities. They have reinvested principal payments from the security holdings and will invest an additional amount of $600 billion into long-term treasury securities by the end of the fiscal year. Feds state that household expenditures, business investme nts in equipment, and software continue to expand throughout the nation. The nonresidential structures remain weak at this time and the housing sector is still depressed. 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Essay On Lester Horton - 1210 Words

Lester Horton was an American dancer, choreographer, and teacher. Born January 23, 1906 in Indianapolis, Indiana and died on November 2, 1953 in Los Angeles, California. Lester Horton was born into a working-class family. He was the son of Iradell and Pollyanna Horton. His passions for dance was aroused by his very own American Indian culture in the wake of watching tribal dances. Lester Horton was one of the few pioneers of modern dance who made sacrifices in order to bring black dancers to the concert stages. Although, he was not black, his choreography and work had a significant influence on artists of the African Diaspora. Lester Horton’s goal was to create a dance technique that was anatomically corrective and utilized the widest†¦show more content†¦They were able to perform this piece at the Argus bowl in Eagle Rock, California in 1929. This work put Horton on the dance map while still a teenager. Lester Horton decided to live and work in Los Angeles that led t o him finally creating a name for not only himself, but his choreography and technique. Lester Horton is mainly known for his development of modern technique known as the â€Å"Horton Technique†. Which often resembles Alvin Ailey’s choreography. â€Å"It is marked by strong thrust of extended arms, legs, and torso; broad strokes of the body in space; hips used as accents and motivators; lungs and deep second-position plies that emphasize power and space; swings of the legs and torsos, leaps, and jumps into space.† The Horton Technique consolidates a few social components, for example, Afro-Caribbean components which clarify the hip development, or hip circles and Japanese arm signals which clarifies the straight arms and Native American society move which may clarify the sort of music use to move to. The strategy underscores an entire body, anatomical way to deal with that incorporates adaptability, quality, and coordination for sound. The strongholds are viewed as the center of Horton procedure. They build up a system of development mechanics, of s trong advancement and coordination, versatility and range. Horton system concentrates on the utilization of tilt lines, jumps and straight lines allShow MoreRelatedHow to Write a Research Paper11497 Words   |  46 Pagesas you take notes, after you complete your research, and before you turn in the final version of your paper. Outline Guidelines Information has been borrowed from Sharon Sorenson s text Introduction To Research and James D. Lester, Sr. and James D. Lester, Jr. s text The Research Paper Handbook. Formal outlines require a special numbering system, as shown below: I. ___________________________________ First Major Heading A. ____________________________ Subheading of first degree

Marketing Opportunities for Analytics and Advertising Industry

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Opportunities for Analytics and Advertising Industry. Answer: The codes of practice provided the information about the standard which has been set under the work health and safety laws. It helps to recognize the better ways to achieve the work health and safety through the application of the law. It is only applicable for the Australia where the person works under any company or any organization. The court also takes evidence though the application of the code of practices. The mandatory codes always establish the minimum standards of protection towards the consumer where it always applicable for the regulation for the unfair trading law and it always enforceable. The voluntary codes always showed the self regulation of industry where it can be making them associated with the industry. Sometimes it also forms the partnership with a government agency (Australia and Authority 2014). It helps to collect and control the personal information through the online and online marketing channels where the code is always a platform, channel and technology neutral. The ADMA code of practice also helps in increase of community trust and consumer confidence in the marketing, media, analytics and advertising industry (Hair Jr and Lukas 2014). The Competition Law which has been enforced by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has been formed for a fair trading in the business and consumers. The Australian Consumer Law has provided the frameworks for the enforcement of unfair contract terms, product safety laws, consumer rights guarantees and unsolicited consumer agreements. The Australian Intellectual Property laws has been framed for the enforcement on the trade mark protection, patent protection, design protection, registering a domain name and copyright protection laws in Australia. The Corporation Act 2001(Cth) has been framed for providing the requirements of financial products and services to all the organization in Australia. The Work Health and Safety Act 2011 has provided the duty of care to the health and safety of the staff, customers and the general public in any organization (Armstrong et al. 2014). Direct marketing is process of formation where advertising has been introduced by the organization where they contact or communicate directly with the client. It could be through the phone, messaging, websites, emails, database marketing, through television or magazine or newspaper. The direct mail services have been operated for the promotion of the business and the products. It is a form of marketing. The telemarketing process defines where the organization communicates directly with the customers through telephonic conversation for giving information about the products and promoted (Australia and Authority 2014). Telemarketing always makes the implication of the communication through a well planned and accurate of services. The Email marketing is another form of communication which is easy and cost effective way to reach to the valued customers for the promotion of the products and selling those. The SMS marketing is a way of communication for reach the individual customers which are also cost worthy of direct marketing (Armstrong et al. 2014). The advantages to an organization of having broad marketing mix are it helps in the promotion of acceptance of new products by increasing the brand images. It also helps to identify the customers through the behavior, characteristics and personality. The flexibility of changing trends also depends in broad marketing. When organizations planned for target marketing then it provided the preference to the key customers which also focused on the customer needs, solve their problems or help them in some way. The disadvantages to an organization of having broad marketing mix are it makes decrease the value of the products. More it will longer for the promotion, it will decreasing the value of the product every day. In the broad marketing the organization changes the price promotion which can affect on the brand equity and the valuable asset that a company will be destroyed. The customer always bargains in the broad marketing after the promotion is over (Reino and Hay 2016). The marketing opportunities can be evaluated through several processes. It could be strategic which helped to identify the goals and tactical which provided the action to get or achieve the goals in marketing. It should be measurable because without the measures u=it never be controlled. It must be vague because when the goal is identified then it should have a proper strategies and tactics to achieve. It should be actionable rather than contingent because the actions only describes whether the strategies has been applied or not through the application of different tactics (Armstrong et al. 2014). When it has been achieved it must support on the dependent upon uncontrollable outside forces. They must be clearly articulated because it is not possible to describe and understand the strategies to the employees but they can help to achieve the success. The marketing opportunities should be achievable rather than inspirational because it is necessary to hold an inspirational vision because there is no wrong (Hair Jr and Lukas 2014). Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) is a statutory authority which has given by the Australian Government for the protection of the food industry for the Australian Government Health portfolio. FSANZ develops best food standards for Australia and New Zealand. The code is applicable for the state and territory departments, agencies and local councils in Australia; the Ministry for Primary Industries in New Zealand and the Australian Department of Agriculture and Water Resources for food imported into Australia (Regulations 2013). This code basically covers the standards of the food safety and the hygiene of the food products. It also sets the appropriate premises for the food industries. Under the FSANZ the labeling, composition and advertising of food are also controlled in Australia. it also helps to develop the codes of conducts with the collaboration with the food industry for establish the framework. The Standard 3.2.2 has set out a specific management legal framework which works with the receipt, storage, processing, display, packaging, transportation, disposal and recall of food in Australia. The food expert sets the standards of the foods. It is necessary that the food controllers must have enough knowledge and skills to manage the food issues on the food industry. They supervise the quality of the food and the proportionate of the food products whether it will not make any bad affect on the human body. The basic importance of the FSANZ is to work with the hygiene of the food organization which includes cleaning, sanitizing and maintenance of every equipment of the food industry. The food experts always make sure that they should ensure the quality of food whether those are safe for the human body or not (Regulations 2013). The other common laws and legislations which are applicable for the food industry are Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) - enforced by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Fair Trading Act 1987 (NSW) - enforced by the NSW Fair Trading Weights and measures - enforced by the National Measurement Institute The Corporation Act 2001 (CTH) which has enforced for the basis structures of any corporation or industry. In some state they have their own legislations like in Queensland which are Food Regulation 2016 for the display of license details by mobile premises, licensable food businesses, isolation of contaminants in food and fees for applications. The Food Production Safety Act 2000 helps to production of primary produce for which a food safety scheme applies, as detailed in the Food Production (Safety) Regulation 2014. Reference Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014. Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Australia, W. and Authority, M.R., 2014. Strategic Plan 2014-2018. Department of Local Government and Communities. Babin, B.J. and Zikmund, W.G., 2015. Exploring marketing research. Cengage Learning. Czinkota, M.R. and Ronkainen, I.A., 2013. International marketing. Cengage Learning. Hair Jr, J.F. and Lukas, B., 2014. Marketing research (Vol. 2). McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Regulations, P., 2013. Australian Dairy Industry. Reino, D. and Hay, B., 2016. The use of YouTube as a tourism marketing tool.

What opportunities and threats did McDonald face Essay Example Essay Example

What opportunities and threats did McDonald face Essay Example Paper What opportunities and threats did McDonald face Essay Introduction How did it handle them What alternatives could it have chosen? Answer: Opportunities ) â€Å"Going green† – energy management, improving packaging efficiency, environmentally friendly refrigerants, and partnering with Greenpeace for rainforest protection Charity – The Ronald McDonald House provides a cheap or free place to stay for parents of sick children. Over 250 worldwide in 48 countries. 2) New store looks/styles – McCafe coffee shop, and â€Å"forever young† redesign 3) McDonald’s has f maintained an extensive advertising campaign for decades. For popularity they use media (television, radio, and newspaper), the company makes significant use of billboards and signage, sponsors sporting events from ranging from Little League to the Olympic Games, and makes coolers of orange drink with their logo available for local events of all kinds. Television has always played a central role in the company’s advertising strategy. They always advertise McDonalds much different way to their customers. Until now, McDonald’s has used 23 different slogans in United States for advertising, and few others slogans for select countries and regions. 4) Recently McDonald’s is actively trying to reduce their negative impact on the environment by altering their company policies. Their policy now an outline is not only the individual restaurants’ behaviors, but also the ways in which they go about using their resources and acquiring them-. Since the 1990’s, McDonald’s restaurants have been encouraged to participate in the environmentally friendly movement by getting involved in community clean up days to cut down on the amount of litter around their stores. They have made an effort, assisted by Environmental Defense, to utilize recycling both in packaging their products and in what they use day to day which has allowed them to cut down on their waste significantly. What opportunities and threats did McDonald face Essay Body Paragraphs McDonald’s continues to be environmentally conscious in their business and they are currently testing a restaurant that will potentially give off less harmful pollutants by using alternatives to harmful refrigerants Criticism – contribute to obesity, and other health problems Many competitors for same costumer – Subway – Burger King – KFC – Taco Bell 5) They have the ability to add healthier lines of food. They have already gotten rid of super sizing and I think they have made their fries healthier currently. There is another personify isThe Golden Arches are now more widely recognized than the Christian cross. McDonald’s operates more playgrounds – designed to attract children (and their parents) to its restaurants – than any other private entity in the US. Threats Leaflet ‘A Threat’ to McDonalds MCDONALD’S, the biggest fast-food chain in the world, yesterday asked the High Court to stop two London e nvironmentalists from distributing a leaflet which links the company’s meals to heart disease and cancer and accuses it of despoiling the environment and exploiting the Third World. Bird flu no threat to McDonald’s chicken: Advertisement strategy In a bid to save its plummeting sales of chicken products in mcdonalds, they have planned an exclusive advertisement campaign. //The campaign would ensure that the customers get the message that chicken here is safe. This has been planned by McDonald’s Corp. , of Oakbrook, Ill. This strategy is a risk and pressure tactic which would ensure that is a epidemic and bird flu scare spread they can influence the customers. They have already prepared ads and would air them, as soon as needed. It is now a fact backed by scientific research that humans cannot get bird flu by eating chicken that has been cooked and prepared properly. This kills the virus. McDonald’s faces up to European fears over food and job quality LOND ON – McDonald’s is set to admit that it has not done enough to reassure the European market on issues about the nutritional value of its food and the quality of jobs it provides, in a corporate responsibility report to be published next week. According to a report in the Financial Times, the report will admit that McDonald’s has learned that â€Å"we could do better in our understanding of wider social trends and expectations†. It says that the report will quote negative and positive comments given to it in a year of interviews, including accusations that McDonald’s â€Å"does not value its employees† and that â€Å"working at McDonald’s doesn’t look like much fun†. It rejects the claims, and has been working to dispel the McJob tag with which it is saddled. Burger giant faces court threat over bad language idea Fast-food giant McDonald’s could be in trouble with race watchdogs for asking its staff to speak Englis h. An outlet in Manchester put up a sign ordering employees to use English at all times in the store – including in the staffroom. But experts now believe the burger giant could have infringed workers’ human rights and European employment law. HOW DID McDonald HANDLE THEM? McDonalds handle these threats by by these possible steps. By decreasing health problem. By delivering superior value to customers then competitors. For better performance in Europe Mcdonald has to do a lot of work by providing the taste and dishes which have high demand in europen market. McDonald should increase advertisement in Europe. Mcdonald should distribute free sample in different offices and colleges. Mcdonald have to provide the job that person which can attract more customers through his stratigies. Mcdonald should make planning to avoid from bird flu and other diseases in future. Mcdonald can done better performance then his competitors by providing dishes which are a part of that cultur e. Mcdonald should launch some new dishes according to condition. Mcdonald should provide traditional dishes . WHAT ALTERNATIVE COULD IT HAVE CHOSEN? Mcdonald can use following alternative to increase his value:  » Mcdonald should stop his product where it’s not doing well and take corrective action and check his quality.  » Mcdonald should open new restaurant in that area where fast food has important part in the culture of that area.  » Mcdonald has to choose that management which can easily understand the demand of all customer. Mcdonald should decrease its prices in that country where per capita is very low.  » Mcdonalds should make his manuals which include traditional dishes of that area.  » Mcdonald should it think at the level of middle customer rather then the high level customer.  » Mcdonald should provide bonus to his employees for better performance. Q. 2)Before Mcdonald s Entered The European Market Few People Believed That Fast Food Could Be Successf ul In Europe Why Do You Think Mcdonald s Has Succeeded What Strategies Did It Follow? There was a time not so long ago when U. S. ast-food giant McDonald’s was viewed by European consumers as the advance scout of what the French loudly decried as American cultural imperialism. The Golden Arches, ran the prevailing European line, were a threat to the Continent’s refined palates and appreciation of the civilized sit-down meal, and the livelihoods of people staffing â€Å"real† restaurants. Well, with the global economic crisis deepening, even the French aren’t complaining nowadays – especially with news that McDonald’s plans to invest more than $1 billion to keep its lucrative European business booming. McDonald’s is well-established in Europe, Asia/Pacific Islands, the Middle East, andAfrica. Its growth in Europe is mainly driven by France, Germany and the United Kingdom. In Asia, the general management has indicated that there is sign ificant potential in the China market. The corporation has adapted its menu items to local cultures, such as the Teriyaki Mac in Japan, variants of Filet-O-Fish in China, and using lamb instead of beef in India. Mcdonald has got very strong position in Europe because the people of Europe like mostly fast food and Mcdonald providing fast food in Europe. The Mcdonald menu mostly include traditional dishes of Europe. We know that per capita of Europe is high as compare to Asia, so prices are not problem in Europe. Mcdonald’s succeeded because in Europe there are people involved in many activities that require a lot of time,so they must eat somethimg on the run so that they can go back to their jobs, where they can ‘produce’ money that will be spent at a fast food. t’s a vicious circle. we all live in the era of speed, and we all are too fast and too furious. so, logically, a fast food like McDonald’s was in need, like it or not. but we hope that with a ll the existent technology, someone, someday will stop the avalanche of junk food. The net profit of McDonald in Europe is so high as compare to Asia . We know that per capita of Asia is low as compare to Europe is very low, so prices are a big problem in Asia. There is no any major different in McDonald strategy in Europe and Asia. In Asia McDonald menu is according to Asian culture and traditional dishes and in Europe it’s according to their culture. McDonald’s has pursued two strategies since 2003. To keep up with rapidly changing consumer preferences, demographics and spending patterns, McDonald’s has introduced new items (Premium Chicken sandwiches and the Angus Beef Burger) and campaigns to create more healthy foods (Premium Salads). The strategy reflects the philosophy that novelty, as opposed to loyalty to traditional products, is the key determinant of sales in the fast food industry. McDonald’s has also focused on increasing sales at existing re staurants instead of opening new ones[5]. To do so, McDonald’s has remodeled many restaurants, kept stores open longer and increased menu options. Nevertheless, new McDonald’s restaurants are still opening around the world at a rapid rate – the company plans to open about 1,000 units in 2008, and continues to grow its new restaurants at a 1%-2% rate each year. Q. 3)What is the basic philosophy of McDonald’s and how does it enforce this philosophy and adapt to different environments? Ans) We will write a custom essay sample on What opportunities and threats did McDonald face Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What opportunities and threats did McDonald face Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What opportunities and threats did McDonald face Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Free Essays on Subsidies

Subsidies are payments, economic concessions, or privileges given by the government to favor businesses or consumers. In the 1930s, subsidies were designed to favor agriculture. John Steinbeck expressed his dislike of the farm subsidy system of the United States in his book, The Grapes of Wrath. In that book, the government gave money to farms so that they would grow and sell a certain amount of crops. As a result, Steinbeck argued, many people starved unnecessarily. Steinbeck examined farm subsidies from a personal level, showing how they hurt the common man. Subsidies have a variety of other problems, both on the micro and macro level, that should not be ignored. Despite their benefits, farm subsidies are an inefficient and dysfunctional part of our economic system. The problems of the American farmer arose in the 1920s, and various methods were introduced to help solve them. The United States still disagrees on how to solve the continuing problem of agricultural overproduction. In 1916, the number of people living on farms was at its maximum at 32,530,000. Most of these farms were relatively small (Reische 51). Technological advances in the 1920's brought a variety of effects. The use of machinery increased productivity while reducing the need for as many farm laborers. The industrial boom of the 1920s drew many workers off the farm and into the cities. Machinery, while increasing productivity, was very expensive. Demand for food, though, stayed relatively constant (Long 85). As a result of this, food prices went down. The small farmer was no longer able to compete, lacking the capital to buy productive machinery. Small farms lost their practicality, and many farmers were forced to consolidate to compete. Fewer, larger farms resulted (Reische 51). During the Depression, unemployment grew while income shrank. "An extended drought had aggravated the farm problem during the ... Free Essays on Subsidies Free Essays on Subsidies Subsidies are payments, economic concessions, or privileges given by the government to favor businesses or consumers. In the 1930s, subsidies were designed to favor agriculture. John Steinbeck expressed his dislike of the farm subsidy system of the United States in his book, The Grapes of Wrath. In that book, the government gave money to farms so that they would grow and sell a certain amount of crops. As a result, Steinbeck argued, many people starved unnecessarily. Steinbeck examined farm subsidies from a personal level, showing how they hurt the common man. Subsidies have a variety of other problems, both on the micro and macro level, that should not be ignored. Despite their benefits, farm subsidies are an inefficient and dysfunctional part of our economic system. The problems of the American farmer arose in the 1920s, and various methods were introduced to help solve them. The United States still disagrees on how to solve the continuing problem of agricultural overproduction. In 1916, the number of people living on farms was at its maximum at 32,530,000. Most of these farms were relatively small (Reische 51). Technological advances in the 1920's brought a variety of effects. The use of machinery increased productivity while reducing the need for as many farm laborers. The industrial boom of the 1920s drew many workers off the farm and into the cities. Machinery, while increasing productivity, was very expensive. Demand for food, though, stayed relatively constant (Long 85). As a result of this, food prices went down. The small farmer was no longer able to compete, lacking the capital to buy productive machinery. Small farms lost their practicality, and many farmers were forced to consolidate to compete. Fewer, larger farms resulted (Reische 51). During the Depression, unemployment grew while income shrank. "An extended drought had aggravated the farm problem during the ...

Everything You Need to Know About the Word Century

Everything You Need to Know About the Word Century Everything You Need to Know about the Word â€Å"Century† Back in Ancient Rome, the Latin word centuria meant â€Å"group of one hundred.† It was applied to everything from agricultural land division to soldiery (hence â€Å"centurions†). But nowadays, â€Å"century† has a more specific meaning: a period of one hundred years. Here, we will focus on this last meaning, as this term is common in many academic disciplines. As such, when discussing past events, it’s important to know how to use it correctly. Century in Words and Numbers Centuries can be written out either with words (â€Å"nineteenth century†) or numerals (â€Å"19th century†). In academic writing, however, it’s usually better to use the full version: Communication changed hugely in the twentieth century. – Correct Communication changed hugely in the 20th century. – Incorrect It’s always worth checking your style guide, though, as some conventions differ. Associated Press, for example, recommends using figures when referring to any century after the tenth. Fin de Sià ¨cle A common mistake when writing about the past is to conflate the numerical version of a year with the century in which it falls. In actuality, the number applies to all years up to the end of a century, not the first two digits of the year in figures. The seventeenth century, for instance, began on January 1, 1601 and ended on December 31, 1700. As such, when referring to the year 1618, it’s important to remember that it was part of the seventeenth century, rather than the sixteenth: Beginning in 1618, the Thirty Years’ War left a scar on the seventeenth century. – Correct Beginning in 1618, the Thirty Years’ War left a scar on the sixteenth century. – Incorrect To avoid this mistake, keep in mind that the number refers to the end of the century (e.g. 1800 or 1900) and covers the preceding hundred years. To Capitalize or Not? It’s not uncommon for people to capitalize centuries: e.g., â€Å"Fourteenth Century† rather than â€Å"fourteenth century.† However, this is incorrect, since â€Å"century† is a measure of time, like â€Å"week† or â€Å"month,† not a proper noun. When to Hyphenate The final thing to remember with centuries is when to hyphenate. The rule here is the same as when using hyphens elsewhere, so it depends on whether you’re using the term adjectivally. For example, if you’re describing a digital wrist watch, you might describe it as â€Å"twentieth-century technology.† Here, the century is hyphenated because it is being used as a compound adjective modifying the word â€Å"technology.†

Political Philosophy (Hobbes' ideas about human nature) Essay

Political Philosophy (Hobbes' ideas about human nature) - Essay Example Both these influences seem to have greater influence over the way Hobbes political thoughts developed over the period of time. His thoughts on political philosophy were therefore strongly oriented towards separating religion from the politics and state. Hobbes strongly advocated the minimal role of religious orthodoxy into the affairs of the government and resultantly he suggests that it is the sovereign which should have an authority over the religion. What is critical to note that Hobbes suggested that a person’s duties to God must not override his duties to the sovereign? This therefore makes his overall political philosophy different from earlier thoughts on the relationship between religion and the politics. This paper will discuss the philosophy of Hobbes and will make a comparison and contrast between his philosophy and that of Locke. Hobbes on Human Nature One of the most important difficulties while one reads about Hobbes’s thoughts on the human nature is the f act that his ideas on human nature cannot be easily separated from his overall political philosophy. ... Hobbes therefore strongly believed that Man is not the social animal because a society cannot exist without the establishment of a government. This orientation of the Hobbes towards the nature of the man therefore suggests that man will be at war with each other perpetually. Such tendency of the man therefore can only be controlled if there is a strong sovereign with absolute powers to control such instinctive nature of man. It is because of this reason that Hobbes believes that absolute monarchy may be the right kind of political system to control such institutive nature of man. To better understand the political philosophy of Hobbes and his ideas on human nature, it is also important to understand his concept of the state of the nature. The state of nature is used as a hypothetical condition which preceded the government. Hobbes increasingly views human nature from the perspective of the state of the nature because he believe that the human nature in the state of nature is quite po or, brutish, solitary as well as short. He therefore argues that the man essentially is a selfish individual and in the absence of any government, his selfishness can prevent the establishment of a social or society. He therefore argues that in order to accommodate the individual rights within a society, it is important for individuals to cede some of their rights and others will also follow the same. That is how the society is created out of the essential human nature. (Martinich) He also went on to argue that a man cannot, by his nature, find god or evil and therefore in order to live in peace, it is important for him to subjugate him to an authority of the government which is strong enough to provide the required support to an individual. Another

The community paramedic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The community paramedic - Essay Example Johns Ambulance of Western Australia) community paramedics are described as follows by The Council of Ambulance Authorities (CAA) report from the year 2009: The advantages of this new development are numerous and community focused. First, is that there is better access to healthcare services for isolated patients. Paramedics are often trained to reach remote locations and deal with diverse situations whether acute, emergency or chronic. This need is further exacerbated by the fact that physicians have been unwilling to attend to patients at home level (Money) due to matters of violence, cost and other issues (Magin P) (J). This therefore makes it possible for patients to access better healthcare in these remote areas. They, also provide an alternative to crowding of local health facilities that may be small or inadequately equipped. This is because facilities are known to be less equipped due to the reduced populous of the rural areas. The paramedics though, have adequate training and access to facilities such as life support that can be utilized in certain settings to enhance survival odds of patients before they get access to larger more equipped hospitals. Another advantage of the community paramedics is the reduction of load on the national emergency system 911, as they attend to the repeat cases and cases such as those of prank callers, drug abusers, chronically ill and mentally ill patients. This has a subtle advantage as it allows the 911 service to be more effective as an emergency tool for the truly deserving cases. This, though, is not to imply that the minor cases are less deserving. This also reduces the total budget cost on the state thus diverting the resources to provision of healthcare on other levels. Another advantage of this new venture is the fact that chronically ill patients, elderly patients and patients in need of frequent checkup can be catered for this is a service previously hard to come by, but highly essential for this

The Two Frogs Essay Example for Free

The Two Frogs Essay Once upon a time in the country of Japan there lived two frogs, one of whom made his home in a ditch near the town of Osaka, on the sea coast, while the other dwelt in a clear little stream which ran through the city of Kioto. At such a great distance apart, they had never even heard of each other; but, funnily enough, the idea came into both their heads at once that they should like to see a little of the world, and the frog who lived at Kioto wanted to visit Osaka, and the frog who lived at Osaka wished to go to Kioto, where the great Mikado had his palace. So one fine morning in the spring they both set out along the road that led from Kioto to Osaka, one from one end and the other from the other. The journey was more tiring than they expected, for they did not know much about travelling, and half way between the two towns there arose a mountain which had to be climbed. It took them a long time and a great many hops to reach the top, but there they were at last, and what was the surprise of each to see another frog before him! They looked at each other for a moment without speaking, and then fell into conversation, explaining the cause of their meeting so far from their homes. It was delightful to find that they both felt the same wishto learn a little more of their native countryand as there was no sort of hurry they stretched themselves out in a cool, damp place, and agreed that they would have a good rest before they parted to go their ways. What a pity we are not bigger, said the Osaka frog; for then we could see both towns from here, and tell if it is worth our while going on. Oh, that is easily managed, returned the Kioto frog. We have only got to stand up on our hind legs, and hold on to each other, and then we can each look at the town he is travelling to. This idea pleased the Osaka frog so much that he at once jumped up and put his front paws on the shoulders of his friend, who had risen also. There they both stood, stretching themselves as high as they could, and holding each other tightly, so that they might not fall down. The Kioto frog turned his nose towards Osaka, and the Osaka frog turned his nose towards Kioto; but the foolish things forgot that when they stood up their great eyes lay in the backs of their heads, and that though their noses might point to the places to which they wanted to go their eyes beheld the places from which they had come. Dear me! cried the Osaka frog, Kioto is exactly like Osaka. It is certainly not worth such a long journey. I shall go home! If I had had any idea that Osaka was only a copy of Kioto I should never have travelled all this way, exclaimed the frog from Kioto, and as he spoke he took his hands from his friends shoulders, and they both fell down on the grass. Then they took a polite farewell of each other, and set off for home again, and to the end of their lives they believed that Osaka and Kioto, which are as different to look at as two towns can be, were as like as two peas. [Japanische Marchen. ]Â   This story was extracted from the Project Gutenburg e-text of The Violet Fairy Book, edited by Andrew Lang. The pictures to go with it were posted on Usenet several years ago, and I dont have any copyright or attribution information for them.

The Promise of the Dietary Supplement :: Research Science Diet Essays

The Promise of the Dietary Supplement Fat Busters, Fat Trappers, Fat Magnets and Fat Absorbers all have one ‘miraculous’ agent in common – chitosan. Why is this supplement all the rage in today’s weight loss market? Will chitosan live up to its touted potential? The dietary supplement, chitosan is the processed, more water-soluble form of one of the most common substances in nature: chitin (KITE-in). The exoskeletons of arthropods (ants, shellfish, etc.) and the walls of many molds, yeast and fungi contain this building block of nature. Chitosan was first discovered in 1811 by Henri Braconnot, director of the botanical garden in Nancy, France. Bracannot observed that a certain substance (chitin) found in mushrooms did not dissolve in sulfuric acid. Over the last 200 years, the exploration of chitosan has taken on many different forms. Several other researchers continue to build on the original finding of Bracannot, discovering new uses for chitin as they find different forms of it in nature. Chitosan aids in the â€Å"reduction of triglycerides due to its ability to bind dietary lipids, thereby reducing intestinal lipid absorption† (Koide, 1998). Translation? Basically, chitin molecules have the ability to latch on to heavy metals, amino acids and FAT. Chitin may be able to ‘soak up’ fat in the intestine and flush it through the body before it can be absorbed. If effective, this process should lead to weight reduction. Neutralize fat, thus causing weight loss Reduce cholesterol Provide a safe and natural weight loss program with minimal / no side effects According to Sally Squires, in the March 28, 2000 issue of The Washington Post, several factors involving chitosan should be considered before buying chitosan-based products: 1) The composition of chitin can vary depending on the seawater, the animal from which it is taken, and the time of year. There is no ‘pure form’ that can be counted on. 2) Following the Dietary Supplement Health and Nutrition Act in 1994, the FDA has a limited ability to regulate vitamins, minerals and other dietary supplements (i.e. chitosan). It is, therefore, possible to stock shevles full of a product without providing related scientific evidence. 3) The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) won an $8.3 million judgment against a company violating federal consumer protection laws with false claims concerning chitin. 4) The FTC lawsuit is the first of several additional (non FTC) suits for false claims regarding chitin and chitosan, including a lawsuit filed by both Napa and Sonoma counties in California.

Memorable Experience with Writing and Reading Essay

â€Å"You cannot open a book without learning something† (Confucius). About two months before school started, the weather became extremely hot. I stayed at home to enjoy the air-conditioning and to do some reading. I grabbed an arbitrary book which had probably sat on my shelf during the whole summer. On the cover, it read â€Å"Voices and Values: A Reader for Writers by Janet M.Goldstein and Beth Johnson†. On the inside, a few carelessly folded pages indicated that the book had ever been used. This book, a collection of effective essays, was a requirement for one of my classes. It theoretically served as a key to succeed both in reading and writing, but I had only read ten essays in an attempt to finish my homework assignments enough to maintain a fair grade in the course. That was how I approached school, getting the highest possible grade with the lowest possible effort. However, after reading several more essays in â€Å"Voices and Values†, my attitude toward studying changed. In my family, education plays a serious role. My parents taught me to study hard. Nevertheless, I personally viewed these ideas childishly and impractically. I told myself that it would be a waste of time to try too hard and fully absorb any of the material I was studying. What I did was to study enough to gather the facts. I used to taste ideas, chew on them for as long as it took to survive in class, and then, after tests, spit them out. Grades, after all, had served as the most powerful element in my educational view. As a matter of fact, while my grades were thriving, my mind was stagnating. As I opened the book that day, looking for some interesting essays that I might have missed, I found more than that. This book is much more than an academic book designed to teach critical reading and writing skills. â€Å"Voices and Values†, in some ways, introduces its readers to higher moral lessons. The essays, â€Å"Dare to Think Big† by Dr. Ben Carson, â€Å"From Nonreading to Reading† by Stacy Kelly Abbott, â€Å"Reading to Survive† by Paul Langan, and â€Å"Learning Survival Skills† by Jean Coleman, are different stories written by different authors, but they all exude the same ideas resurrecting lost hope to people, encouraging people not to surrender, and imparting how important education is to people’s lives. Their words did not so much sound new to me as they reminded me of some ideas that I had known, some concepts I had held. However, I had stored them somewhere in my head and never used them. â€Å"As I look back over the past for years, I see all the things that have happened to make me see how important reading is. I am not where I want to be yet, but I will be in a year or two† (Abbott). Abbott’s words moved around and enli ghtened me. Looking back over twelve years in school, I found myself nothing more than a revolving machine: receiving data, keeping it in short-term memory to cope with the tests, and then removing it as soon as possible. What I did, indeed, never could be called â€Å"studying† or â€Å"learning,† but using a basic skill to achieve the best grade possible. Chemistry, World History, National History, World Geography, National Geography, Agricultures, and Biology, these subjects never seemed strange to me. I had undertaken, struggled, and passed through them years before in Vietnam. Unfortunately, none of them managed to set up roots in my mind. These things, which were supposed to be general information for a long term student, had come and gone like a visitor. I did not change; I did not grow; I did not accumulate any useful knowledge for myself. Worse than that, I was still too innocent to realize I had been on the wrong path and had the wrong attitude. The misconception I had about education eventually prevented me from opening my eyes and my mind. â€Å"And that is how we have to learn to think about life! With a long-term view. A Big-Picture perspective!† (Carson). There are times, when a person’s mind encounters the right philosophies, and self-discovery happens. In a flash, I visualized an uncertain future, where I could see myself was holding a materialistic degree with spiritual ignorance, knowing nothing about the world, and being completely empty of practical knowledge. Then, I knew that if there were ever a time for me to abandon the misconception about education, it was at that moment. As Peck stated in his essay â€Å"Responsibility†, â€Å"This is because we must accept responsibility for a problem before we can solve it. We cannot solve a problem by hoping that someone else will solve it for us.† Using education as a key to succeed is my responsibility. I realized that I am the person who has to deal with my future, and it was time for me to solve it. â€Å"I feel passionately that all of us can control our own destinies. Students should plan for a realistic career, get themselves organized, learn to persist, be positive, and open themselves to growth† (Coleman). I was determined to change, to create a new attitude. I wanted to learn not just for the grades, but also for the knowledge. From that moment, I told myself to be more concerned with the information than with the grades. The information is what education really is, while the grades are sometimes merely an outward factor. I began refusing to use the phrase â€Å"just study enough† as an excuse for not trying. However, several times, when I felt regretful for having held the wrong attitude for such a long time, again, I found my concerns reflected in â€Å"Voices and Values†. Most of the people in that book started their education a little late and faced many difficulties. Even so, they were seriously struggling, combating, and they overcame their own obstacles. At the age of nineteen, I am ready to be a go-getter, to thrive with a new passion which has been redefined. I will always cherish the moment that I touched that book, â€Å"Voices and Values†, that has spiritually changed who I am.†

The Importance of Psychology

Psychology is involved in almost every job field in the modern era. Marketers use psychology to figure out how to convey their product to consumers. Car designers use psychology to give their cars features that would persuade potential buyers to choose their car. Doctors use psychology to understand their patients better. My chosen profession is education, and there are an unlimited number of applications for psychology. In teaching, psychology is the basis in which teachers understand their students. The specific area that would be most pertinent to teaching would probably be social psychology. College students basically take the same courses over their 4-year tenure in the university. But only certain students want to regurgitate the knowledge that they have acquired over the years. These are the students that have chosen teaching as their profession. The ones that want to pass on what they have learned to students need to not only be knowledgeable in their subjects, but need to know how to understand the students. If a teacher can not understand their students, then there is very little hope for the professor teaching the student anything. Understanding a student is a complex process that takes a lot of training. A teacher needs to know what the child is thinking in order to fully understand them. Teachers need to be able to communicate with the students so the student can tell the teacher what he is thinking. Another way to understand a student is to study social psychology. Social psychology is the study of the effects of people on people. More specifically, social psych observes how interactions between people affect an individual. Social psychologists study how people react in groups, emotional behavior, and attitudes and opinions of people. Since there is never a time in school when a child is alone, it is imperative that a teacher understands how children act and react when they are placed in a group or classroom. A teacher needs to understand why some kids are more outgoing, while others seem to fade away in classes. It is the teacher†s job to know the reason a child is not learning to the best of his capabilities. Social psychology looks at these problems and researches solutions that will remedy a child†s abnormal behavior in the classroom. A teacher that is fluent in social psychology and understands the way a child thinks is much more equipped to take on the everyday problems of teaching. Even though a teacher is more apt to benefit through social psychology, School Psychologists specialize in clinical psychology. While a teacher may deal with problems that a child has interacting with others, a school psychologist deals with behavior problems that do not necessarily have to do with the class. School psychologists study the individual instead. They deal with all aspects of school, not just teaching. They monitor not only learning and social relation, but testing, substance abuse, neglect of the child, and violence. But in the end teachers and school psychologists have the same goal in mind, which is creating the best learning environment for all students. Teachers have a great responsibility on their hands. They are accountable for what a child does in his school career. A teacher needs to know the best way to help a child learn. Psychology is a great help to let a teacher know what is going on in the mind of his student. Psychology is the key to a teacher understanding his students. The better a teacher can understand his students, the more the student can learn. If a student can learn, then that teacher is the most successful educator in the world.

Tropical Fish Essays

Tropical Fish Essays Tropical Fish Essay Tropical Fish Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: Tropical Fish There are different varieties of tropical fish, and people should know the type of fish they want to keep. Keeping fish is a lot of responsibility, and the people intending to keep the fish should be aware of these responsibilities. They need to know how to set a fish tank in the right way, and how to prepare it for the fish. They also need to perform regular maintenance on the fish tank, as this will ensure healthy growth and maturity of the fish. In setting a fish tank, many people do not know the amount of water needed, or the number of fish that can thrive well in the tank. The general rule is that one should use one gallon of water per inch of fish. This creates an enabling environment for the fish to grow well, and it ensures that the fish are not crowded. Keeping fish requires a person to know the right temperature to use. Tropical fish require a temperature of between 70 and 78 degrees Fahrenheit. Many people like putting decor in their fish tanks for aesthetic purposes. They should ensure that the materials they use for such purposes do not change the quality of the water. Materials such as coral and metal change the water quality, and they should not be used for decor. When keeping tropical fish, one should be aware of the type of species to keep. Some varieties are more popular than others are because they are physically appealing and come in many different colors. Such fish are an added benefit to the home because they beautify it. Other varieties are common because they are hardy. These varieties have higher chances of surviving, and they do not require as much maintenance as some of the varieties do. A person intending to keep tropical fish should decide on the varieties he wants to keep, and should learn more about them. Some varieties of tropical fish do not get along, keeping them together lessens their chance of survival because they will fight each other and die. It is important for a person to have a clear purpose for keeping tropical fish. Some people like to keep the fish as a way of adding beauty in the home. They beautify the aquariums by adding beautiful varieties of tropical fish. Many tropical fish have different beautiful colors. The way a person handles the aquarium can also be a source of beauty. People can add different decor in the aquarium, and this enhances the beauty of the home. They display their creativity in the type of design for their aquariums, and in the different ornaments that they choose to have inside there. Some people keep fish for educational purposes. They are more likely to have different aquariums holding different varieties of fish. Children learn a lot by keeping fish, especially if they are involved in taking care of them. They learn how to be responsible as they take care of the fish in feeding and changing the water. They also learn how tropical fish live, and they learn the nature of aquatic habitats. M any children are familiar with land animals and habitat and they do not know much about aquatic life. Keeping fish enables them to learn more about aquatic life. Keeping tropical fish is an important and interesting activity. The owner has to know how to understand the responsibilities of keeping the fish. He or she has to know the right way of setting a fish tank and maintaining it. The person has to know the right species to keep. Many people prefer keeping different species, but they have to know the kind of fish that get along well. Doing so will enhance the chances of the fish surviving. People keep fish for different purposes, including adding and enhancing the beauty in their homes, and for educational purposes. In all the cases, it is important to understand the right species of fish to keep.

Passionate and Impassioned

Passionate and Impassioned Passionate and Impassioned Passionate and Impassioned By Maeve Maddox A reader wonders about the words passionate and impassioned: Do they mean the same thing? If not, when should you use one and not the other? The word passion derives from a Latin verb that means â€Å"to suffer† or â€Å"to undergo.† One use of the noun is to name the sufferings of Jesus. For example, a â€Å"passion play† is a performance that reenacts the arrest and death of Jesus. The title of Dreyer’s play about the trial of Joan of Arc is called The Passion of Joan of Arc in reference to her sufferings, which the filmmaker felt paralleled the sufferings of Christ. Another sense of passion is â€Å"strong emotion.† It can refer to sexual passion or to a strong emotion like anger or indignation. A passionate person is readily swayed by emotions. In such expressions as â€Å"a passionate kiss† and â€Å"a passionate embrace,† the connotation is usually sexual. Someone swayed by strong feelings about some nonsexual purpose might be described as â€Å"a passionate reformer,† or â€Å"a passionate preacher.† Sports enthusiasts are said to be â€Å"passionate about football.† Although the words are mostly synonymous, impassioned perhaps has the connotation of strong feeling rooted in conviction. Here are some recent examples of both adjectives as used on the Web: The actor  then applied to the Grand Duke, and the latter, a  passionate lover  of  dogs, signified his desire that the request be granted. Part II explores the ways that prosecutorial  passion  might affect  plea. Because marriage is for the rest of my life, I think it will be more enjoyable if I married a person who is like a friend, as opposed to marrying for passionate love. WVU Womens Basketball Carey wants  passionate effort  against Oklahoma Freida Pinto Gave An Impassioned Feminist Speech Every Woman And Man Needs To Hear Impassioned crowds protest Ferguson decision in Boston Synonyms for passionate when the context is sexual: amorous ardent loving sexy sensual erotic lustful Synonyms for passionate in other contexts: intense emotional fervent vehement heated spirited energetic frenzied fiery wild violent Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of AdjectivesEmpathy "With" or Empathy "For"?What Is the Meaning of "Hack?"

The Politics of Pacific Northwest Research Paper

The Politics of Pacific Northwest - Research Paper Example They include artifacts; collect art and primary sources so that the young generations can pass the traditions as recommended. The collections which are more than 68,000 objects from fine art and material culture from the America, Europe, and Asia are preserved to make sure that the young generation will have a chance to see and follow the traditions. Regional history includes the exploration, settlement, economic among others that the individual are required to follow. Many regions have relative liberal abortion laws, gender equality laws; others encourage the use of marijuana and other rights concerning the individuals. British Columbia has legal law that allows for gay marriage which was passed in 2003 while for Washington was legalized in 2001, the Oregon allows for same sex marriage this is because the urban size and voting impact has a lead and this make it easier for the passing of laws without any problem (Dublin 36). The region has a long history of political radicalism which means that general strike would be engaged thus combination of communes and socialist and thus an influence in the region. Every human being has right to life and that’s why the government has been fighting with terrorists. The region is productive in terms of economic since it has a long history involving the starting of cooperative and communal businesses and organizations. The Puget Sound has a history of publicly owned power utilities and thus some of the states that are around have public utilities that are personal. As a result they enjoy the lowest electrical power rates in the whole of the continent.

Why people commit crimes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why people commit crimes - Research Paper Example They decide to commit crime upon determination of potential risks such as getting caught as well as punishment, against rewards that could come with success in their acts (humans are rational with free will to choose to commit crime). Crime happens to be an immoral behavioral form which weakens the society (Steven, 2015). According to the social disorganized theory, the physical as well as the social surroundings of a person primarily determine the decisions and actions of such a person. Specifically, a neighborhood with fraying social structures more likely will have higher rates of crime. This kind of a neighborhood could have vacant as well as vandalized buildings, poor schools, a mix of commercial and residential property and high unemployment. With broken or weak bonds to religion, family, school happens to be a catalyst towards criminal behavior. Individuals fail to see the good in adherence to conventional societal values, hence commit crime believing that it is through crime that they can improve their private social conditions. Social learning explains that individuals are motivated to criminality and get criminal skills from persons they associate with. They learn from criminal friends. Lack of self-directions well as insufficient social roles happen to be the root causes for criminal behav ior (Aldunate, 2015). Biology, evolution as well as evolution – mental illness, poor diet, chemistry, bad brain or evolutionary rewards to violent criminal behavior could lead to crime. Genetics determine the behavior of an individual to a certain degree. This according the biological theory. From one generation to the other, human behavior basic determinants could be passed. This way, one can inherit criminal behavior. Psychobiological theory explains that reactions to foods, chromosomal anomalies deficiencies of vitamins or surrounding’s allergies, integrated with a specific genetic makeup could predispose

Control room Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Control room - Movie Review Example Hassan Ibrahim, the former BBC reporter, has been assigned to cover Iraq’s tragedies in the war. He is accused of creating stories which are not there. America downplays the situation in the warfronts. The movie highlights the role of the media in the war, and the importance of its coverage which is only next to the strength of the war machines fighting the war. The documentary shows the predicament of Lieutenant Josh Rushing, American Marine in charge of press at Central Command. He is a balanced individual, philosophical and sober but as a true American Marine, he is thoroughly convinced about the merits of the war. He sees nothing wrong in the American version of the media coverage. Dema Khatib on the other hand, though swears by the nationalism propounded by Al Jazeera, wishes for a future for his children in America. Control Rom has succeeded in revealing the truth about the war in the fronts. It depicts how in the desperate situations of the war, objectivity of the press becomes the casualty, and how the news is constructed as per the demands of the situation. Vested interests are in politics and they have also infiltrated the press. The bombing of an Al Jazeera post by America, indicates how serious are the compulsions of the war to silence the pen, apart from destroying the

Human Rights Essays Grotesque Violation Sudan

Human Rights Essays Grotesque Violation Sudan Grotesque Violation Sudan Since early 2003, the world has been witness to the grotesque violation of human right in the Darfur region of Sudan. More than two and a half million civilians have been removed from their homes and roughly four-hundred thousand have been killed in what has been deemed genocide. Despite actions taken by the American and European governments, wealthy celebrities and humanitarians from all around the globe, the conflict in Darfur remains. It is the moral and ethical responsibility of America, Europe and China to give foreign aid to the suffering people of Darfur and chastise the Sudanese government for allowing these crimes to happen. It is also the peoples’ universal right to be protected from genocide and torture inflicted by the Janjaweed militia and encouraged by the Sudanese government. Conflicts in Sudan can be dated back as far as the fourteenth century. The main source of conflict today deals with ideology, ethnicity and competition for resources between the people and the Sudanese government, (Snyder, 2007). Torture, rape and murder has been all too frequent for the civilians in Darfur and war has been a major part of their history. This is no way how people should be forced to live and how a government should govern its people. The current conflict in this region has been labeled by the United Nations as â€Å"the worst humanitarian crisis in the world today†, (Kim, Torbay, Lawry, 2007, 353). Former British Prime Minister, Tony Blair, began an initiative in 2005 to encourage the international community to accept its responsibility for the crisis in Darfur. He said, â€Å"There can be no excuse, no defense, no justification for the plight of millions of our fellow beings in Africa today†¦.It is obscenity that should haunt our daily thoughts that four million children will die in Africa this year before their fifth birthday†¦.I fear my own conscience on Africa. I fear the judgment of future generations, where history properly calculates the gravity of the suffering,† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). President George W. Bush has also recognized that something needs to be done in Darfur. He said, â€Å"I promise this to the people of Darfur: the United States will not avert our eyes from a crisis that challenges the conscience of the world. For too long the people of Darfur have suffered at the hands of a government that is complicit in the bombing, murder and rape of innocent civilians. My administration has called these actions by their rightful name: genocide. The world has a responsibility to put an end to it,† (Fox News, 2007) Increasingly large amounts of Western citizens believe that the violation of human rights in Darfur, at least in part, is their own responsibility. This is seen very frequently on television with promotional commercials that state, â€Å"Save Darfur!† Documentaries such as â€Å"The Devil Came on Horseback† and â€Å"Darfur Now† have also helped give awareness to the public about crimes being committed in Sudan. The West bears a lot of the universal responsibility to provide, promote, and protect human rights. Americans, along with other powerful countries, have a great sense of pride when it comes to helping others. Western states are collectively responsible for much of the current world social and international order, as well as for the political and economical situations of Africa today, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 490). This does not mean that African states and other African actors do not have the same ethical responsibility. Many African leaders are primarily responsible. It is necessary for key international organizations, such as the United Nations, to sort out global ethics and it is necessary to sort out what ethical responsibilities global actors have, (Reeve, 2006, 6). William J. Talbott argued that, â€Å"an appropriate empathic outside observer may be in a better position than insiders to morally evaluate the practice or social arrangement,† (Tablott, 2005, 71). He went on to say, â€Å"First, reliable moral observation, especially across cultures, requires empathic understanding. Not all moral observers have the same degree of empathic understanding. Second, one’s interests or desires can introduce biasing factors that lead to self-serving rationalizations of one’s moral judgment. Other things being equal, moral observers without such biases are more likely to make reliable moral judgments than those with such biases. The problem is exacerbated if the self-serving judgments are socially enforced,† (Talbott, 2005, 76). Many individuals involved in the world debate about human rights now accept that â€Å"to protect against harm and to aid the deprived are strong universal duties,† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). On-the-ground and regional research by the International Crisis Group, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, Refugee International, and Physicians for Human Rights have been the center of important work dating back to the beginning of the conflict, (Reeve, 2006, 5). The conflict in Darfur shows that the intrastate collective action problem has not been properly addressed by a traditional multilateral approach. Instead the crisis in Darfur demonstrates the need for an expanded view of modern international law in the face of intrastate conflict that includes systematic intervention procedures and preventative aid, as well as a comprehensive approach that recognizes and integrates non-governmental organizations and non-governmental organization alliances, (Welling, 2007,149). Many states, organizations, and individuals deny responsibility in Darfur to avoid, prevent, or create harm. Two of these very important states are Russia and China, who have not supported international intervention in Darfur. Russia has blocked votes to take action against the Sudanese because of its arms dealing and China has because of its interest in oil. William J. Talbott reinforced the idea as to why states like Russia and China do not intervene. He stated, â€Å"Where a culture’s practices are supported by socially enforced self-serving justifications, the result will typically be a wide spread moral blindness, a blindness that is unlikely to be detected by the members of the culture who benefits from the practices and, because of the social enforcement, unlikely to be voiced by those who are disadvantaged by the practices,† (Talbott, 2005, 73). China’s need for oil reserves is growing along with the population and the Sudanese are providing oil, (Human Rights Watch, 2003). â€Å"Oil was the driving force behind Sudan’s civil war. Oil is driving genocide in Darfur,† (Virginia Quarterly, 2007, 2). Thomas Pogge stresses that citizens around the world need to take responsibility to protect each others’ human rights, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 488). His idealistic idea rejects the â€Å"concentric-circle theory of obligation† and â€Å"communitarian arguments† that people have a bigger responsibility to their families, communities, and nation than to â€Å"strangers with whom they have no, or very tenuous, connections,† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 488). Some may argue that this idealistic idea goes against human nature, and they may argue in favor of a more realistic notion.; however, the recognition of individual human rights requires a standpoint from which to criticize not only a culture’s external norms, but also its internal norms, (Talbott, 2005, 87). Article 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights promotes the idea that every state, institution, and individuals have the responsibility to protect everyone’s human rights. This is a fine example of global ethics. Article 28 states, â€Å"everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized,† (UN, 1948). â€Å"Common-sense morality† helps people to make decisions about their own responsibilities. This often accepts the â€Å"concentric-circle theory of obligation†, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). This also suggests that people have the greatest responsibility to improve those harms these individuals have caused. According to Henry Shue, the first duty is to avoid depriving people of their rights, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). States and social institutions have special responsibilities to ameliorate harm that they, or their formal and legal ancestors, have caused. These states and social institutions have a responsibility not only for â€Å"sins of commission†, but also for â€Å"sins of omission†, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). Shue argues that we have the responsibility to protect others from harm and to aid the deprived. To avoid these duties is to commit a â€Å"sin of omission,† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). Movements for basic human rights usually develop in reaction to oppressive social practices, (Talbott, 2005, 87). There have been many carefully assembled eyewitness accounts of mass executions of African civilians, clearly murdered because of their ethnicity, (Reeves, 2006, 6). The United States Government has â€Å"substantial intelligence on Khartoum’s movement of corpses from better known sites to remote desert dumping grounds†, (Reeves, 2006, 6). According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, many of the rights of the civilians have been obviously violated. Article 3 states, â€Å"everybody has the right to life, liberty and security of person.† There have been accounts listed by U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon and groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch that some two-hundred thousand people have been killed during this conflict, (Fox News, 2007). This clearly violated article 3. Ahmed Adam Ali, a civilian currently taking refuge in eastern Chad, described the violations by the Janjaweed. He said, â€Å"The Janjaweed kill us because they want our land.† He claimed the Janjaweed said, â€Å"we don’t like black people in Darfur. Sudan is for Arabs, not Africans,† (Snyder, 2007). Of his village’s two-thousand people, Ali says, the Janjaweed killed four-hundred, including his brother, and bombers pursuing them on their multiple-week trek to camp in eastern Chad where one-hundred more were killed, (Snyder, 2007). There have been â€Å"hundreds of accounts, authoritatively assembled, of the ethnic targeting and comprehensive destruction of African villages† by Khartoum and the Janajaweed, (Reeves, 2006, 6). As seen in Ahmed Adam Ali’s account, it is clear that these assaults are charged with racial hatred. Article 5 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states, â€Å"no one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhumane or degrading treatment or punishment.† According to Amnesty International, a report found that rape and other forms of sexual violence in Darfur are being used as a weapon of war in order to humiliate, punish, control and inflict fear and displace women and their communities. These rapes and other sexual violence constitute grave violations of international human rights and humanitarian law, including war crimes and crimes against humanity. The report also examines the consequences of rape which have immediate and long-term effects on women beyond the actual physical violence, (Amnesty International, 2004). Human Rights Watch showed an example of Khartoums’s political and military command and control hierarchy. In a December 2005 report by Human Rights Watch there was a claim that stated: â€Å"Whether [National Islamic Front] policy [in Darfur] amounted to genocide remains unclear. The [UN] International Commission of Inquiry into the crimes in Darfur concluded that there was no government policy of genocide, but that crimes may have been committed by individuals with genocidal intent and that this question should be resolved in a court of law. Determining whether there was genocidal intent requires access to government documents and to those in the leadership, who planned and coordinated the campaign in Darfur, (Reeves, 2006, 6). A determination of genocidal intent does not require documentary evidence. There is already overwhelming evidence of the intent to commit acts that destroy a national, ethical, racial or religious group, which is defined by the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crimes of Genocide, (Reeves, 2006, 7). Eric Reeves has pointed out several examples of how the Sudanese government has in fact committed genocide. He lists: 1.) The government, working along with the Janjaweed, has deliberately destroyed as many as eighty to ninety percent of the villages of African tribal groups. 2.) More than ninety percent of the total casualties are from African tribal populations. 3.) The people who are being displaced report that the massive destruction, killing, rape, abductions, and torture are from the African tribal populations in Darfur. 4.) The livelihoods of the displaced African tribal populations have been deliberately destroyed by the Sudanese government and Janjaweed. 5.) Damaging attacks on the African tribal populations are very often followed by the use of racial slurs from the Janjaweed aimed at this population. 6.) All evidence suggests that these actions are systematic, pre-planned, and coordinated, (Reeves, 2006, 6). There has been enough information available that vast exercises in ethnically targeted human destruction have been taking place, (Reeve, 2006, 6). It was clear to Western policymakers in late 2004 that the treatment of the people of Darfur constituted as genocide, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 497). On September 9, 2004 Colin Powell, the secretary of State during the first Administration of President George W. Bush, used the word â€Å"genocide† to describe the situation in Darfur, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 498). On September 21, 2004, at the United Nations, President George W. Bush himself also used to term, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). African areas of Darfur have experienced killing, raping and expelling of its inhabitants. Arab militias burned villages, killed animals, and poisoned wells, thus inflicting â€Å"conditions of life calculated to bring about a group’s physical destruction,† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 498). This is considered a form of genocide under Article II (c) of the 1948 Convention Against Genocide, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 498). Former Prime Minister Tony Blair talked about the world’s moral obligation and his then Chancellor, Gordon Brown, asked the question, â€Å"if not now, when? If not us, who?† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 510). Brown went on to say that it does not matter who causes Africa’s problems; everyone is responsible for solving them. Around the same time, General Romeo Dallaire added to this notion. He wrote: â€Å"Our governments are ourselves, at least in the West. Citizens are capable of actions in democracies, and of expressing their views to their elected representatives. Particular Western states may well have obligations to particular African countries for damaging them in the past or for not assisting them in the present. But this does not absolve other states of the responsibility to help Africans now,† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 510). The realization by powerful world leaders that there is a universal ethical responsibility to protect individuals from genocide has drawn debates around the globe. Russia and China have not supported international intervention in Darfur. By doing nothing when human rights are clearly being violated, gives the notion that these actions are â€Å"ok† by world standards. Abandoning the internal conflicts in Darfur weakens international efforts. This also creates a culture of impunity. Allowing genocide to continue gives a signal to African governments, especially the Sudanese government, that the international community accepts governance through murder and ethnic hatred, (Welling, 2007, 154). The willingness of the international community to intervene in intrastate conflicts lowers the level of violence state actors will risk and contribute to more serious foreign policy issues, (Welling, 2007, 154). When action is taken, results are noticed. When no action is taken, obviously, there are no positive results. The primary responsibility for the Darfur genocide falls on the Sudanese government and the Janajaweed, (Garcia, 2006, 51). No Western power had any reason to promote this genocide, nor did any do so. In fact, Western democratic powers strongly oppose such violations of human rights. Contributory factors might partially implicate the West, which has been hesitant to offend the central Sudanese government because it wanted to buy oil from the Sudanese, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 498). The Sudanese government also placed itself as a western ally in the war on terrorism, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 489). Another factor was the peace agreement between the Northern and Southern Sudan after their long civil war. Despite the evidence of mass murder, rape and torture, only small actions have been made to help the victims in Darfur. According to the United Nations Security Council, some of these small actions include a United Nations arms ban on all belligerents, a travel ban and asset freeze on some Sudanese. Also a decision has been made by the Council to refer suspected Sudanese war criminals to the International Criminal Court, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 499). These actions are not enough. People continue to die and only minimal actions, at best, are being made. Some African Union monitors have been in Darfur, logistically assisted by the West, watching what has been taking place. Unfortunately these monitors have been inadequately supplied. Nearly half of the expected personal from the African Union is currently in place, (Garcia, 2006, 53). Fred Nyabera, executive director of the Fellowship of Christian Councils and Churches, has welcomed a pledge of three-hundred million dollars in aid from the Sudanese government to help in the Darfur region. However, he claims that this is insufficient and should not divert attention from the underlying causes of the conflict. He said, â€Å"It is a positive step, but it is not enough,† (Christian Century Foundation, 2007, 15). He went on to say, â€Å"The real issues have never been sufficiently addressed. The focus has always been on the consequences,† (Christian Century Foundation, 2007, 15). Mark R. Amstutz would agree that foreign aid can undermine the goals being pursued, (Amsturtz, 2005, 30). Many world powers have failed to do anything in Darfur, and in some disrespect encouraged the hellacious violation of human rights. This needs to change immediately. The Chinese own forty per cent of a large oil project in Sudan and have also built a one-thousand six-hundred kilometer pipeline there, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 499). In exchange for access to the Sudanese oil, China gave the Sudanese government three arms factories. China is not a democracy and its citizens are probably unaware that the Chinese government is supporting a regime that condones genocide. Unfortunately, even if the Chinese population knew of what was happening in Darfur, they would not be able to criticize the Chinese government or take humanitarian action. China’s interests are a main reason why the Security Council has not taken stronger measures against the Sudanese government. Russia also invests in Sudanese oil and sells arms to the government, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 499). China and Russia prevent the United Nations Security Council from acting quickly or by applying sanctions. China and Russia have repeatedly threatened to use their individual vetoes to block all United Nations Security Council efforts to place sanctions on the Sudanese government, in order to protect their individual economic interests, (Welling, 2007, 160). Because of this, the international community allowed the killing to persist. Russia has blocked votes because of its arms dealing and China has because of its interest in Sudanese oil. It may also come as no surprise that the two most destructive regimes have been the Soviet Union (Russia) and communist China, which together are responsible for murdering ninety-seven million people, or more than half of all the twentieth century’s democide, (Amstutz, 2005, 95). Whatever actions the West and the international community take to improve the conditions in Darfur, they may not be enough. Humanitarian relief has been the primary aid given to the suffering individuals. The United Nations has not given as much support as it possibly could. Also, Western democratic states could provide more aid to individuals suffering in Darfur. Genocide is a political and military matter which at times is out of the hands of humanitarians willing to help. Genocide requires solutions made by political and military powers. Anything less than these actions suggests that â€Å"the world is indicating an acceptance of the genocidal status quo,† (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 499). While states have many incentives for intervening in situations like Darfur, history has shown that, whether acting unilaterally or through the United Nations, states unusually intervene late or not at all. In Rwanda, the death toll reached eight-hundred thousand before effective actions were taken by the United Nations, (Welling, 2007, 157). The willingness of the international community to intervene influences the level of violence state actors will risk and contributes to more serious foreign policy issues, (Welling, 2007, 155). The world community, especially developed nations, pays for humanitarian crises that result from intrastate conflict. Many of the costs associated with intervention do not include the social and ethical costs of the nearly four-hundred thousand lives that have been lost. Even with regional organizations such as the European Union, the African Union, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization involved in Sudan, they have not resolved the Darfur conflict in a speedy fashion, (Welling, 2007, 159). Some governments, such as the American, seem desperate not to be forced to do anything requiring serious diplomatic or political capital, even as it continually talks about the word â€Å"genocide† whenever the subject of Darfur arises, (Reeves, 2006, 7). The European Union has given millions of Euros to Darfur and the African Union has provided troops. However, the number of African Union troops in Sudan is restricted to a very small amount, while the region of Darfur they need to monitor is nearly the size of Texas, (Welling, 2007, 159). Obviously more ground and air support is needed. As of right now, the Security Council members desired to limit the troops’ mandate and refrain from giving the troops permission to protect innocent civilians. The African Union does not even have the most basic supplies. It cannot afford items such as tents, transportation or even food and medicine. Other states are still unwilling to help. For example, Germany gave the African Union computers for technical support, however, the instructions were in German, (Welling, 2007, 159). Diplomats from the region asked for support from the African Union to meet its challenges; however, only United Nations Member States outside of the African Union can provide the type of support needed. Darfur needs a peace agreement and an extensive multinational force to carry it out, (New York Times, 2007). Humanitarian intervention needs to continue in Darfur in hopes to â€Å"remedy mass and flagrant violations of basic human rights of foreign nationals by their government,† (Amstutz, 2005, 143). The United Nations, along with other world actors, need to take more serious action in preventing the genocide that is taking place. Global ethics requires global responsibility. All who are responsible for genocide must take responsibility. The â€Å"when† is now, and the â€Å"who† is everyone, (Howard-Hassmann, 2005, 510). The global responsibility includes all world actors, and it allows no government, no institution, and no individual to deny responsibility. The West may have a special responsibility to cure past harms and prevent present ones, but it is not the only region of the world to be responsible. International responsibility includes the need to understand that the Sudanese government is causing great atrocities in Darfur right now and all world actors need to hold them accountable for what has, and continues to, happen. The genocide must stop now! Bibliography Amnesty International. 2004. â€Å"Sudan: Darfur: Rape as a Weapon of War: Sexual Violence and its Conseguences.† http://www.amnesty.org/en/report/info/AFR54/076/2004. (10 January 2008). Amstutz, Mark R. 2005. International Ethics: Concepts, Theories, and Cases in Global Politics. New York: Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Christian Century Foundation. 2007. â€Å"Aid pledge to Darfur ‘not enough’, says African church leader.† Vol. 124 Issue 22: 15. Garcia, J. Malcolm. 2006. â€Å"African Promise.† The Virginia Quarterly. August-September 2006:49-77. Howard-Hassmann, Rhoda E. 2005. â€Å"Genocide and State-Induced Famine: Global Ethics and Western Resposibility for Mass Atrocities in Africa.† Persectives on Global Development and Technology, Vol. 4, issue 3-4: 487-516. Kim, Glen, Rabih Torbay and Lynn Lawry. 2007. â€Å"Basic Health, Women’s Health, and Mental Health Among Internally Displaced Persons in Nyala Province, South Darfur, Sudan.† American Journal of Public Health. February 2007. Vol. 97 Issue 2: 353-361. Reeves, Eric. 2006. â€Å"Dissent.† Watching Genocide, Doing Nothing. Fall 2006: 5-9. Snyder, David. 2007. â€Å"See no evil.† US CATHOLIC. January 2008: 30-35. Talbott, William J. 2005. Which Rights Should Be Universal?. New York: Oxford.University Press The New York Times. 2007. Editorial, 1 November. Playing Sudan’s Game: pg. A.26 The Virginia Quarterly. 2007.† Editor’s Desk.† The Quandary of Oil in Africa. Winter 2007: 1-3. Welling, J.J. 2007. â€Å"Non-governmental Organizations, Prevention, and Intervention in Internal Conflict: Through the Lens of Darfur.† Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies. Vol. 14 #1. (Spring 2007): 147-179. 2007. â€Å"Bush Announces New Economic Sanctions on Sudan to Halt Darfur.† Fox News. http://foxnews.com/printer_friendly_story/0,3566,275994,00.html. (10 January 2008). 2003. â€Å"China’s Involvement in Sudan: Arms and Oil.† Human RightsWatch. http://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/sudan1103/26.htm. (10 January 2008). 1948. â€Å"Universal Declaration of Human Rights.† United Nationshttp://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html. (9 January 2008).

Health and Fitness Magazines Negatively Impact Male Thinking :: Health Nutrition Diet Exercise Essays

Health and Fitness Magazines Negatively Impact Male Thinking Warning! Warning! Alarms go off inside your head. You’re at the mall walking around with one of your best buds looking at CDs, when all of a sudden you look up and see this drop dead gorgeous girl, whose looking at CDs in the next aisle. You grasp the CD case you were looking at firmly, and use the reflection quickly to make sure none of your pimples are ready to burst, and that your hair is fixed right. You glance down at you pants making sure they are set right on your shoes to make them look as cool as possible. Then you make sure that your shirt is straightened up. You take a breath and look up. She gives looks at you out of the corner of your eyes and you feel a skip in you chest. She looked at you! You automatically double checked with your eyes to make sure your zipper’s zipped and that she’s not laughing at you, but she’s really smiling at you. Wow, you think, she must really think I look cool! That was only a brief glimpse into the complicated life of a teenage boy. A boy who reads magazines, wants a car, plays video games, and watches a lot of TV. Every morning he wakes up and picks out his clothes sometimes taking them off and putting on others that match better. His ultimate goal is to look as good and cool as possible, like those guys in the Gap commercials on TV, with their perfect smiles and their arm always around that really hot girl. Why have we as males become more concerned about our looks and body? It seemed that only twenty years ago it was just the girls really worrying about their make up and nails. Even though we have not come so far as to put on make up and paint out nails weird colors to match our 300 dollar outfit to go to the mall, we have become more aware of looking cool and more attracting to the opposite sex. Yet it seems as if instead of looking to better out grades and get a good job to attract females we’ve started to look more and more at our looks then what we do and who we are.

My Daily Activity

My Daily Activities Every Monday until Friday, I wake up at 5. 00 A. M. I press the snooze button two times every morning before I turn off the alarm and get up. I perform my morning routine of washing my face, and brushing my teeth. After that, I usually read for the next lesson. After time show at 5:30 A. M, immediately I start to worship until 5:30 A. M. The next activity I do breakfast. I usually buy cereal with fruits or hot poridge.I always eat breakfast every day, because if I do not eat breakfast, I always feel headache. After breakfast, I take my shower. After my shower, I get dressed. Before I going to campus, I usually clean up my bedroom, sweep floor, and tidy up my desk. I go to campus by public transportation but sometimes join with my friend’s vehicle. Usually, I study at campus until 12:30 P. M. Sometimes if there are two class schedules, I usually go back to my temporary house just for relax and lunch.Then, after having lunch I return to my campus and continue with skills lab until 4:00 P. M. I usually go home at 4. 15 PM, after that I start to do the assignment which given by lectures. When the evening is gone and it is night, I have some time to watch the TV entertainment and preparing to go Briton’s for English Course. I take 30 minutes to go Briton and I learning in there 1 hour and 30 minutes . After that, I go back home. I usually manage to go to bed around 9. 0 PM. That’s all what I do in every Monday and Friday. And on weekends, on Saturday, I go to Church. On Sunday mornings, I get up later than usual. Then I often go shopping downtown with my friends. Sometimes we go for a picnic in the countryside or doing something activites. On rainy Sundays, I stay at home reading books, listening to music and ometimes I practice my listening skill or browsing Internet with my computer. I am quite happy with my daily activities. ^^b